How to Draw Dotted Line in Autocad 2019
2.4 Basic AutoCAD Commands and Functions
2.4.1 Grid & Snap Drawing Aid
KeySIGN makes use of 'SNAP' and 'GRID' functionality which assists with the spacing and alignment of sign elements. It is recommended that the functions should remain switched on to assist with the layout of sign elements as they great help with the positioning of parts of the sign design.
See 3.1.2 The GRID Drawing Aid Used for Sign Design and 3.1.3 The SNAP Drawing Aid Used for Sign Design for more information.
2.4.2 Command Selection
Moving the crosshairs, to the pull-down menus along the top of the screen results in menus items being highlighted. Pressing ENTER or the PICK button on the cursor selects the item which is highlighted. Picking the icon buttons on the Toolbars will produce the same result.
The third alternative for command selection is to type in the appropriate word on the keyboard and then ENTER. Many commands have a predefined shorthand version, which can be added to or customised. You will probably find that you use a combination of all methods of command selection as you become familiar with the system.
Many of the commands have a default response. This is identified within the < > brackets. In the example below, the start point for the text is required by default. When the appropriate command is selected a second press of ENTER automatically selects the standard default value. Many commands also present options, for example the text justification options presented with the HEAVY command. To access these options, type any letter(s) that are shown in capitals e.g. TR for top right text justification.
Example command dialogue:
Command: HEAVY
HEAVY13 is the current text style.
<Start point> or [Center/BLeft/BRight/TLeft/TRight/MLeft/MRight/Height/Rotation]: (point selected on-screen)
Height: 8.0, Rotation angle: 0.0
Enter text: Destination ¿
Enter text: ¿
Command:
2.4.3 Object Selection
Many commands prompt the user to select objects. For example if some objects in a drawing are not wanted then the ERASE command will be used, for which it is necessary to select those objects that should be removed from the drawing. When requested to 'Select objects' the screen crosshairs change to a small square (the Pickbox). Using the mouse cursor, move the small square until it lies on top of one of the objects in the drawing for example a line, then press the PICK button. The line changes to a dotted (highlighted) format, to confirm which object has been selected. If you now press ENTER to complete the object selection process, the object(s) selected will be removed from the drawing.
If the wrong line has been selected, before pressing ENTER, you can either press ESC to cancel the command completely, or use the SHIFT key, and reselect the object wrongly selected to remove the object from the current 'selection set'. Alternatively, enter 'R' to access remove 'mode' thus removing any objects which you subsequently pick, from the ones previously selected. In remove mode, if you wish to select more objects, to be added to the selection group, enter 'A' to access 'add' mode again, before completing object selection, and select more objects. Always press ENTER to complete the object selection process.
It is also possible to define a window in which all objects totally enclosed in it can be selected. Using the cursor, select a point above and to the left of any lines drawn on the screen and press the PICK button. Move the cursor to the right, and a rectangular window with a solid edge appears. Adjust the position of the cursor until all lines are enclosed within the window and press the PICK button again. The lines selected change to dotted, and pressing ENTER causes them to be selected.
An alternative way to define this selection rectangle is to select a point to the right of the items to be selected for the first rectangle corner, then a point upwards (or downwards) and to the left. The window that appears has a dotted edge. This is a crossing window and will select all items within and those that cross the rectangle so defined.
There are several other ways to select objects such as Last, ALL, Fence, WPolygon, CPolygon and Previous and several more. See the AutoCAD manual for further information.
2.4.4 The Pan Command: PAN
The graphics screen can be regarded as a small window behind which is a piece of paper of unlimited size. The window can be moved across the face of the paper by using the PAN command or moved nearer or further away by the ZOOM command. Whilst these are standard AutoCAD commands that can be picked from the pull-down of toolbar menus, it is more usual these days to use the middle wheel button on the mouse where available. Clicking the wheel button down initiates the Pan function until the wheel is released. Position the mouse pointer, which changes when the wheel is clicked down to show a small picture of a hand, at a suitable location in the drawing area. For example if it is required to see a portion of the drawing to the right of the current view, position the cursor to the right of the view. Then click and hold the wheel button, and move the cursor to the new location, i.e. to the left to see a portion of the drawing to the right of the current view. Drag the drawing with the wheel pressed down to reposition the drawing with respect to the drawing window.
The PAN command works slightly differently. Start the command for example by selecting the icon (shown above) from the Standard AutoCAD toolbar. Position the mouse pointer, which will have changed to show a small picture of a hand, at a suitable location in the drawing area. For example if it is required to see a portion of the drawing to the right of the current view, position the cursor to the right of the view. Then click and hold the left mouse button, and move the cursor to the new location, i.e. to the left to see a portion of the drawing to the right of the current view. This can be repeated as required. Exit from the command by pressing ENTER, ESC or by choosing 'Exit' from the right-click menu.
2.4.5 The Zoom Command: ZOOM
The graphics screen can be regarded as a small window behind which is a piece of paper of unlimited size. The window can be moved nearer or further away from the face of the paper by using the ZOOM command. Whilst this is a standard AutoCAD command that can be picked from the pull-down of toolbar menus, it is more usual these days to use the middle wheel button on the mouse where available. Rolling the wheel button initiates the Zoom function. Rolling the wheel away from you allows the drawing to be more closely examined, and away allows larger areas of drawing to be shown in the drawing window. It can be seen that the drawing is enlarged or made smaller around the location of the cursor when the wheel is rolled.
The ZOOM command works slightly differently. Typing the command allows the selection of a particular mode of operation. Type 'W' for the 'Zoom by window' method, or select the icon shown in the middle of the group of three above. You will be asked to specify the first corner of a rectangular area. Do so by moving the cursor crosshairs to one corner of the area which you wish to enlarge, then press the PICK button. You are then asked for the other corner. As the crosshairs move over the screen a rectangular window appears, altering in size as the cursor is moved. When the area contained in the window covers the amount of screen you wish to examine, press the PICK button. The screen will be redrawn with the area of the window enlarged to fill the screen. It is not essential to specify the 'W', picking the first point will cause the computer to assume a window is required.
To return to the previous view select the ZOOM command again. Now enter 'P' (for previous) on the keyboard to return to the previous view. Alternatively, select the icon shown on the right of the group of three above.
The Zoom command offers other options, for example 'E' (for Extents) to fill the screen with everything that has been drawn on the drawing.
2.4.6 The Line Command: LINE
To illustrate the simple way in which the drawing system operates let's draw a few straight lines. Select the command from either the 'Draw' pull-down menu, or from the toolbar icon shown above. On the command line AutoCAD prompts with the question 'From point'. Move the mouse cursor to a suitable point on the screen and PICK a coordinate (click the left mouse button). The command line now shows 'To Point'. Select another suitable point, using the cursor, and press the PICK button. A line will be drawn between the two points. Successive line segments can be drawn in this way.
The sequence is completed by pressing ENTER in response to the 'To Point' request.
Note That if the 'rubber band' line is pulled out in a particular direction (use the ORTHO switch F8 to force Vertical or Horizontal directions) and the distance is typed from the keyboard, the line will be drawn out in the selected direction for the specified distance. This technique for specifying coordinates, in this case a polar coordinate (distance entered directly, and angle taken from angle of the rubber band line) is called Direct Distance Entry.
Note KeySIGN uses different linetypes to implement different rules from TSM Chapter 7. To ensure that the correct linetype is used when drawing map symbols for example, a warning will be given when using this command. See paragraph 3.7.1 Some Basic Principles for more information.
2.4.7 The Polyline Command: PLINE
Select the command from either the 'Draw' pull-down menu, or from the toolbar icon shown above. Choose a starting point on the screen and press the PICK button. Draw a straight line by moving the crosshairs to another point and press the PICK button in the same way as the LINE command above. If you wish to draw an arc enter 'A' in response to the request for "Endpoint of line". Arcs will then be drawn tangential to the previous line and passing through the next selected point. To return to straight line respond with an 'L' and ENTER to the request for "Endpoint".
You can also draw arcs which are not tangential to the previous line by responding with 'S' (for Second point) and ENTER. An arc will then be drawn through the end of the previous line, the second point and the next point PICKED. The sequence is once again ended by pressing ENTER in response to 'Endpoint".
Note KeySIGN uses different linetypes to implement different rules from TSM Chapter 7. To ensure that the correct linetype is used when drawing map symbols for example, a warning will be given when using this command. See paragraph 3.7.1 Some Basic Principles for more information.
2.4.8 The Arc Command: ARC
Select the command from either the 'Draw' pull-down menu, or from the toolbar icon shown above. Choose a starting point on the screen and press the PICK button. Select two subsequent points to complete the arc in the default way that these are drawn.
A very useful tip for drawing map type symbols, to achieve an arc tangential to a line segment, is to press ENTER after drawing a line instead of picking a first point on-screen. The point given by pressing ENTER in response to the 'Specify start point of arc' prompt will be the end of the previously drawn line, and the arc then drawn will be tangential to the line.
Arcs can also been drawn in a number of other ways, depending on options chosen during the command. The choice of these options can be automated by selecting the required command from the 'Draw > Arc' pull-down sub-menu, for example by specifying a start and end point, and then centre for the arc.
Note KeySIGN uses different linetypes to implement different rules from TSM Chapter 7. To ensure that the correct linetype is used when drawing map symbols for example, a warning will be given when using this command. See paragraph 3.7.1 Some Basic Principles for more information.
2.4.9 The Move Command: MOVE
Object(s) can be repositioned in the drawing using the MOVE command. Select the command from either the 'Modify' pull-down menu, or from the toolbar icon shown above. You are asked to 'Select objects' that are to be moved in the drawing, and you will notice that a small square (the Pickbox) has replaced the screen crosshairs at the mouse cursor position.
Move the square pickbox until it is over an object such as a line on the drawing and press the PICK button. The line will change to a dotted one to signify that the line has been selected. AutoCAD also reports the selection of the object on the command line, and the total number of objects currently selected. If the line forms part of a block or polyline, the whole of it will become dotted. Always press ENTER to complete the object selection process.
Note Where a number of lines need moving, you can either pick each line as above or use a window by responding with a 'W' for window or 'C' for crossing, to the request 'Select objects'. Only lines and blocks wholly within the solid edged window will be selected. Whereas objects within and crossing the dotted edged 'C' window will be selected.
You are now asked to specify a 'Base point'. This is just a reference point used to determine the starting point of the movement. The second point requested specifies the finishing point of the move. Use the mouse PICK button to carry out this sequence. You will see that the items selected have moved by the specified displacement between the first and the second points selected.
Note That this displacement can also be specified using Direct Distance Entry (see the LINE command for information about this in 2.4.6 The Line Command: LINE).
Should you wish to reverse the move just carried out, enter 'U' at the command line to Undo the move, or select the Undo icon.
2.4.10 The Copy Command: COPY
You may wish to copy certain details of the drawing from one part to another without erasing the original. This can be done using the COPY command. It works in a similar way to MOVE. The main difference is that instead of objects moving to the new location they are copied to the new location. In addition, if you respond with an 'M' to the request 'Specify base point or displacement:', you will be able to make multiple copies of the objects selected to a number of different points in the drawing (this is the default behaviour in AutoCAD R2005 or later, but a Multiple option will need to be selected for multiple copies in earlier versions). See the MOVE command above for more information about this command.
Source: https://keysofthelp.transoftsolutions.com/KeySIGN/19.6/Basic%20AutoCAD%20Commands%20and.htm
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